Businesses, policymakers, and researchers are increasingly recognizing the subject of Nature-based Solutions as a cost-effective way to address environmental and infrastructure challenges. This shift is particularly important as we face both biodiversity and climate crises, aggravated by ecosystem degradation, deforestation, habitat loss, and extreme weather events.
A compelling real-world example comes from the Czech Republic, where eight beavers built a dam for free, saving the government $1.2 million. Drafted in 2018, the project for the dam was on stand-by when beavers began constructing it, ultimately covering an area twice the size originally planned. Beaver dams are not only crucial for biodiversity, for example, because they create wetlands that support a wide range of species, but also serve as firebreaks, carbon sinks, and natural flood prevention systems.
In California, for example, beavers restored a dried floodplain, saving approximately $1 to $2 million for the government. This restoration reduces wildfire risks by maintaining green vegetation and retaining moisture, which slows the spread of fires. Studies have shown that beaver dams remain mostly unaffected by wildfires compared to similar areas without beavers.
Another noteworthy case is the Columbia Slough Regional Water Quality Facility, built in 2008 at a cost of $2.4 million. In 2014, beavers entered the facility and began constructing a network of dams. Their efforts significantly improved pollutant removal efficiency, with some pollutants being filtered at rates twice as high as the facility’s original engineered system.
The services provided by beavers are becoming increasingly important, especially as extreme weather events intensify and water quality continues to decline. Yet, despite their benefits, few businesses have actively leveraged these ecosystem services. One sector that has benefited from the presence of beavers is tourism. Their fascinating behaviour and unique ecosystem impact attract visitors, driving revenue for local businesses. For example, in the catchment of the River Otter, the reintroduction of beavers has led to more visitors in the village of Otterton, boosting the revenue of local businesses.
These examples highlight how often-overlooked natural processes can provide practical, cost-saving solutions to pressing environmental issues. By recognizing and integrating these ecosystem services, businesses and policymakers can work with nature, unlocking long-term economic and ecological benefits.
Have a great and impactful week!
Patrícia Beltrão
Researcher
Center for Responsible Business & Leadership